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Google Lancaster

OperatingAI campusCampusLancaster, Fairfield County, Ohio
60% profile completeness
40 claims from 9 sources
Current facility power
164 MW[1]
Likelyestimated
Planned capacity
Not yet sourced
Floor area
Not yet sourced
Buildings (planned)
2[1]
Likelyderived
Capital cost / investment
$5.2B[1]
Likelyestimated
First operational
Jan 1, 2024[1]
Likelyderived

POWER & GRID

Time-to-power · verification · interconnection
Time to power
Energized — operating
High confidence
Project verification
Verified operating
Operation documented by satellite imagery.
Current stage
Operational
Furthest stage with documented evidence
Utility · ISO
South Central Power Company · PJM
Substation: On-site substation

Power reality

Announced
No record
Interconnection request
No record
Contracted / approved
No record
Under construction
No record
Operational
164 MW[1]
Estimated from buildings observed operational
AI evidence brief
Summarizes only the evidence on this page. Answers citing anything else are rejected automatically.

Project verification

Development
  1. Announcedimplied by a later stage
  2. Land acquiredimplied by a later stage
  3. Planning / zoningimplied by a later stage
  4. Permittingimplied by a later stage
Grid interconnection
  1. Interconnection application
  2. Feasibility study
  3. System impact study
  4. Facilities study
  5. Interconnection agreement / service contract
Build & energization
  1. Financing
  2. Under constructionOct 1, 2021
    Model estimate · Satellite imagery
    • Oct 1, 2021 · Reported status: under construction[1]
    • Oct 1, 2021 · Construction start[1]
    • Oct 1, 2021 · Land clearing in progress for the site[1]
    • Jan 1, 2024 · Reported status: expanding[1]
  3. EnergizationJan 1, 2024
    Satellite imagery
    • Jan 1, 2024 · Building 1 operational. This is estimated based on construction progress in [October 2023](https://earth.google.com/web/@39.72490515,-82.68845499,280.4138206a,1128.806013d,35y,-0h,[1]
    • Oct 31, 2025 · Building 2 operational. This is supported by the state of Building 2 a month prior, which is entirely complete outside of some equipment that was removed later on.[1]
  4. OperationalJan 1, 2024
    Satellite imagery
    • Jan 1, 2024 · Building 1 operational. This is estimated based on construction progress in [October 2023](https://earth.google.com/web/@39.72490515,-82.68845499,280.4138206a,1128.806013d,35y,-0h,[1]
    • Oct 31, 2025 · Building 2 operational. This is supported by the state of Building 2 a month prior, which is entirely complete outside of some equipment that was removed later on.[1]

● documented · ◌ implied by a later stage · ○ no evidence found. Dates are those of the earliest dated evidence, which can be later than when a stage actually began. Evidence classes: Model estimate, Satellite imagery.

Grid path

  1. facility
    Google Lancaster
  2. substation
    On-site substation[1][5]
    Satellite imageryLikely
    3 substation outlines traced inside the campus on satellite imagery; OSM maps Unnamed substation 0.27 km away
  3. transmission
    138 kV line[5]
    Proximity onlyUnverified
    Highest-voltage line mapped within 2 km (0.28 km away). Not confirmed as the supply path.
  4. utility
    South Central Power Company[2]
    Service territoryLikely
    Retail service territory containing the site
  5. ISO / RTO
    PJM[4]
    Service territoryLikely
    Balancing authority: PJM
Substation capacity:
not published
Required upgrades:
not yet sourced
Congestion:
not yet sourced (no nodal price data)

Dashed boxes are based on proximity only and do not establish which asset serves the site.

Interconnection records

No interconnection-queue record is linked to this site. Of the ISOs we ingest, only NYISO publishes large-load requests; PJM, ERCOT, MISO, SPP and CAISO queues list generation only.

On-site & dedicated generation

No on-site, behind-the-meter or dedicated generation found in sources.

Location & imagery

Mapped outline
Coordinates
39.72403, -82.68972
Address
105 Whiley Rd, Lancaster, OH 43130[1]Likely
County
Fairfield County
Photographs

No openly licensed ground-level photos matched to this site yet.

Ownership, operation & customers

  1. 1. Property owner of record
    Not identified
  2. 2. Owner / developer
    Google[1]
  3. 3. Operator
    Not identified
  4. 4. Tenant / cloud
    Not identified
  5. 5. End customer / workload
    Not identified

Each link is sourced separately. The property owner of record is often a special-purpose entity; the same company appearing in two roles is shown only when sources say so.

All parties with evidence
Owner
Google[1]Confirmed
Utility
South Central Power Company(unreviewed)[2]Likely

Location falls inside this utility's retail service territory.

No tenants or end users identified in our sources yet.

Power (all fields)

Current facility power
164 MW[1]Likelyestimated

Estimated total facility power (IT plus cooling and overhead) at the latest observed milestone.

Current IT capacity
137 MW[1]Likelyestimated

Estimated IT load currently online, based on buildings observed operational.

Estimated annual consumption
1,006 GWh/yr[3]Speculativeestimated

164 MW × 8,760 h × 70% utilization.

Planned capacity
Not yet sourced

Capacity figures are nameplate or contracted; annual consumption is a labeled model estimate, not metered data.

Grid & electricity

ISO / RTO
PJM[4]Likelyderived

Location falls inside this ISO/RTO footprint.

Balancing authority
PJM[2]Likelyderived

Control area of the containing utility territory.

Nearest mapped substation
Unnamed substation (138 kV)[5]Likelyderived

Nearest substation mapped in OpenStreetMap; proximity does not establish which substation serves the site.

Distance to substation
0.3 km[5]Likelyderived
Highest-voltage line nearby
138 kV[5]Likelyderived

Highest-voltage transmission line mapped within 2 km.

State avg. industrial price
10.95¢/kWh[7]Confirmed

Ohio statewide average, July 2026.

State avg. commercial price
14.06¢/kWh[7]Confirmed

Ohio statewide average, July 2026.

Generation within 50 km
1.02 GW[8]Confirmedderived

11 EIA-reported plants within 50 km.

Generation queued in county
918 MW[6]Confirmedderived

7 active generation interconnection requests in Fairfield County: Solar 918 MW. Queued projects often don't get built.

Interconnection status
Not yet sourced
Contracted / committed power
Not yet sourced
Nearby infrastructureTypeDistanceVoltage / capacitySource
138 kV lineTransmission line0.28 km138 kV[5]
Renick Run Pumping Station 03-04 · City of Columbus - (OH)Power plant (Petroleum)35.8 km2 MW[8]
Yellowbud Solar, LLC · Yellowbud Solar LLCPower plant (Solar)40.5 km274 MW[8]
Ps St-8 Engine No 1 · City of Columbus - (OH)Power plant (Petroleum)40.5 km2 MW[8]
Denison Solar Array · AEP Onsite Partners, LLCPower plant (Solar)41.5 km2 MW[8]
Salt City Solar Project - Hybrid · Salt City Solar LLCPower plant (Solar)41.6 km50 MW[8]
Darby Power, LLC · Darby Power, LLCPower plant (Natural Gas)41.8 km480 MW[8]
Suburban Landfill Gas Recovery · WM Renewable Energy LLCPower plant (Biomass)43.4 km6 MW[8]
Atlanta Farms Solar · Dominion Renewable EnergyPower plant (Solar)45.5 km200 MW[8]
Unnamed substationSubstation0.27 km138 kV[5]
Unnamed substationSubstation0.29 km138 kV[5]
Unnamed substationSubstation0.38 km138 kV[5]
Largest queued generation in this countyFuelQueue statusMWSource
Muskingum-W. Millersport 345 kVPJM AE2-048SolarIA signed · proposed 2022-06220 MW[6]
Harrison-Good Hope 138 kVPJM AG1-351SolarIn study · proposed 2023-12142 MW[6]
West Millersport 138 kVPJM AH1-032SolarIn study · proposed 2023-12138 MW[6]
West Millersport 138 kVPJM AG2-003SolarIn study · proposed 2023-12120 MW[6]
Muskingum River-W. Millersport 345 kVPJM AE2-136SolarIn study · proposed 2022-06114 MW[6]
West Millersport 138 kVPJM AG1-163SolarIn study · proposed 2023-12100 MW[6]

Utility, ISO and nearby assets are derived from the site's location. Proximity to a substation or line doesn't establish the interconnection; that needs a utility filing or interconnection-queue record. Queue requests are applications, not commitments — most never reach operation.

Construction & permitting

  1. Announced
    —
  2. Land acquired
    —
  3. Permitting
    —
  4. Construction start
    Oct 1, 2021[1]
  5. First operational
    Jan 1, 2024[1]
  6. Expected completion
    —
Buildings (planned)
2[1]Likelyderived

Count of building outlines traced on satellite imagery.

Buildings operational
2[1]Likelyestimated
PhaseStatusAdded MWCompleted / expectedSource
Building 1operational82 MWJan 1, 2024[1]
Building 2operational82 MWOct 31, 2025[1]

Real estate

Official assessments
Assessor's value for a tax year

None sourced yet

Recorded transactions
Sale prices from recorded deeds

None sourced yet

Model estimates
Our model — not an appraisal

None sourced yet

Capital cost / investment
$5.2B[1]Likelyestimated

Modeled total capital cost (2025 USD) of capacity currently operational, incl. compute hardware.

Annual property tax
Not yet sourced

No county parcel or assessor records linked yet. County records are currently ingested for Loudoun County, VA and Maricopa County, AZ.

Size

Floor area
Not yet sourced

Compute

Chip types
TPU v5e, TPU v6e[1]Confirmed
Compute (H100-equivalents)
130,400[1]Likelyestimated

What changed (last 3 years)

Follow this facility (RSS)
  • Current IT capacity
    68 MWJan 1, 2024[1]→137 MWOct 31, 2025[1]
  • Current facility power
    82 MWJan 1, 2024[1]→164 MWOct 31, 2025[1]
  • Buildings operational
    0Oct 1, 2021[1]→1Jan 1, 2024[1]→2Oct 31, 2025[1]
  • Status
    Under constructionOct 1, 2021[1]→Operating + expandingJan 1, 2024[1]→OperatingMar 12, 2026[1]

Timeline

Construction start: Oct 1, 2021[1]
First operational: Jan 1, 2024[1]
  1. Oct 1, 2021[1]

    Land clearing in progress for the site

  2. Jan 1, 202482 MW facility power· 1 buildings operational[1]

    Building 1 operational. This is estimated based on construction progress in October 2023. This also corresponds to a 2023 article where a Google spokesperson says that the "the Lancaster data center will open later this year".

  3. Sep 11, 202582 MW facility power· 1 buildings operational[1]

    Building 2 is close to completion. Structurally it is already complete, but there is still some equipment strewn around the building that suggests commissioning is ongoing.

  4. Oct 31, 2025164 MW facility power· 2 buildings operational[1]

    Building 2 operational. This is supported by the state of Building 2 a month prior, which is entirely complete outside of some equipment that was removed later on.

  5. Mar 12, 2026164 MW facility power· 2 buildings operational[1]

    At this point, Building 1 and 2 have since already been operational. Additionally, there is visible steam showing clear evidence of operational for both before this date.

Buildings on this campus

2
  • GoogleOperating · 289,600 sq ft footprint
  • GoogleOperating · 292,100 sq ft footprint

All claims (provenance audit)

40
FieldValueSourceConfidenceAs ofStatus
NameGoogle Lancaster[1] Likely2026-03-12Shown
StatusUnder construction[1] derivedLikely2021-10-01Superseded / alternative
StatusOperating + expanding[1] derivedLikely2024-01-01Superseded / alternative
StatusOperating + expanding[1] derivedLikely2025-09-11Superseded / alternative
StatusOperating + expanding[1] derivedLikely2025-10-31Superseded / alternative
StatusOperating[1] derivedLikely2026-03-12Shown
Facility typeAI campus[1] derivedLikely2026-03-12Shown
Address105 Whiley Rd, Lancaster, OH 43130[1] Likely2026-03-12Shown
OwnerGoogleOwner: Google[1] Confirmed2026-03-12Shown
UtilitySouth Central Power Companyterritory 18085: SOUTH CENTRAL POWER COMPANY (COOPERATIVE, SOUTH CENTRAL POWER C[2] derivedLikely2022Shown
Current facility power164 MW[1] estimatedLikely2026-03-12Shown
Current facility power82 MW[1] estimatedLikely2024-01-01Superseded / alternative
Current facility power82 MW[1] estimatedLikely2025-09-11Superseded / alternative
Current facility power164 MW[1] estimatedLikely2025-10-31Superseded / alternative
Current IT capacity137 MW[1] estimatedLikely2026-03-12Shown
Current IT capacity68 MW[1] estimatedLikely2024-01-01Superseded / alternative
Current IT capacity68 MW[1] estimatedLikely2025-09-11Superseded / alternative
Current IT capacity137 MW[1] estimatedLikely2025-10-31Superseded / alternative
Estimated annual consumption1,006 GWh/yr[3] estimatedSpeculative2026-09-29Shown
ISO / RTOPJMPJM INTERCONNECTION, LLC[4] derivedLikely—Shown
Balancing authorityPJM[2] derivedLikely—Shown
Nearest mapped substationUnnamed substation (138 kV)way/1245829347[5] derivedLikely2026-09-28Shown
Distance to substation0.3 km[5] derivedLikely2026-09-28Shown
Highest-voltage line nearby138 kV[5] derivedLikely2026-09-28Shown
Generation queued in county918 MW[6] derivedConfirmed2026-09-27Shown
State avg. industrial price10.95¢/kWh[7] Confirmed2026-07Shown
State avg. commercial price14.06¢/kWh[7] Confirmed2026-07Shown
Generation within 50 km1.02 GW[8] derivedConfirmed202502Shown
Buildings (planned)2[1] derivedLikely2026-03-12Shown
Buildings operational2[1] estimatedLikely2026-03-12Shown
Buildings operational0[1] estimatedLikely2021-10-01Superseded / alternative
Buildings operational1[1] estimatedLikely2024-01-01Superseded / alternative
Buildings operational1[1] estimatedLikely2025-09-11Superseded / alternative
Buildings operational2[1] estimatedLikely2025-10-31Superseded / alternative
Capital cost / investment$5.2B[1] estimatedLikely2026-03-12Shown
Compute (H100-equivalents)130,400[1] estimatedLikely2026-03-12Shown
Chip typesTPU v5e[1] Confirmed2026-03-12Shown
Chip typesTPU v6e[1] Confirmed2026-03-12Shown
Construction startOct 1, 2021[1] derivedLikely2026-03-12Shown
First operationalJan 1, 2024[1] derivedLikely2026-03-12Shown